Mycoplasma hominis peritonitis after oocyte donation.

We report the case of a young, immunocompetent, non-pregnant woman diagnosed with acute abdomen 3 weeks after an ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval (TVOR). Peritoneal fluid, obtained during exploratory laparoscopy, yielded Mycoplasma hominis as the sole pathogen. The patient's symptoms and signs improved after 24-hour treatment with intravenous clindamycin, ampicillin and gentamycin. Complete resolution was achieved with oral doxycycline for 14 days.

Listeria monocytogenes infections: Analysis of 41 patients.

OBJECTIVE: We describe and analyze Listeria-related demographics and clinical features to determine the predisposing conditions for severe infections. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study using positive isolation of Listeria monocytogenes from blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and other organic fluids. Electronic health records were used to determine the epidemiological and clinical features of infections caused by L. monocytogenes. Mortality and sepsis were considered dependent variables in the statistical analyses. RESULTS: We included 41 patients in an observation period of 15 years (2003-2018), with an annual incidence rate of 1.3 cases per 100,000 population. Three main population profiles were identified: newborns, pregnant women, and other adults (17.1%, 12.2%, and 82.9%, respectively). Neuroinvasive infection was present in 17 patients (41.5%). In both univariate and multivariate analyses, neurological infections, whether meningoencephalitis, rhombencephalitis, or brain abscesses, were the main risk factors for severe forms of Listeria-related infections (odds ratio 1.8, 95% CI 1.52-2.14, p=0.01). Malignancies, whether solid tumors or hematological neoplasms, immunosuppression, and chronic diseases were not related to either mortality or severe clinical syndromes. CONCLUSION: Infections caused by L. monocytogenes were uncommon but could cause severe sepsis and mortality, especially in susceptible populations. Our study focused on neurological involvement and severe invasive forms of listeriosis. Neuroinvasive forms were the most important risk factors for severe illness but not for mortality.

[Accuracy of Etest method to study Campylobacter spp. susceptibility to erythromycin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline]. / Precisión del método E-test para el estudio de la sensibilidad de Campylobacter spp. a eritromicina, ciprofloxacino y tetraciclina.

INTRODUCTION: In industrialized countries Campylobacter jejuni is the enteropathogen most frequently isolated from the feces of patients with gastroenteritis. The Etest accuracy to categorize Campylobacter spp. susceptibility to erythromycin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline was evaluated. METHODS: Ninety strains were studied. The Etest® was performed following the manufacturer's instructions on commercial plates of Mueller-Hinton blood. The breakpoints were those recommended by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) for broth microdilution. The gold standard was the broth microdilution method as recommended by CLSI. RESULTS: The Etest agreement with the reference method was 100%, 97% and 98% for erythromycin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline, respectively. No major or very major errors were found. CONCLUSIONS: The Etest results are equivalent to those obtained using the gold standard. The Etest is a valid method to determine susceptibility to tetracycline. It is also a suitable method to categorize strains classified as non-resistant to erythromycin and ciprofloxacin by the diffusion method.

Prosthetic hip infection due to Brucella melitensis: case report and literature review.

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) due to Brucella spp. is extremely rare. We report the case of a prosthetic hip infection due to Brucella melitensis in a 51-year-old male patient. The initial presentation was a gluteal abscess. There was radiographic evidence of implant loosening. The patient was cured after prolonged treatment with streptomycin, rifampicin, and doxycycline, followed by 2-stage exchange of the prosthesis. Brucella spp. should be considered in the differential diagnosis of PJI in countries where brucellosis is endemic. The review of all cases previously reported shows that a conservative approach using antibiotics alone can be followed in patients without signs of implant loosening. In contrast, prolonged antibiotic treatment and prosthetic joint revision should be considered in patients with evidence of implant loosening.

[Extraintestinal infection due to Aeromonas spp.: review of 38 cases]. / Infección extraintestinal por Aeromonas spp.: revisión de 38 casos.

INTRODUCTION: Aeromonas spp. typically cause gastroenteritis, but can occasionally produce extraintestinal infections. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and microbiological characteristics of extraintestinal infections caused by Aeromonas spp. in our area. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The clinical histories of patients with extraintestinal infections by Aeromonas spp. diagnosed in Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara (Guadalajara, Spain) from January 1990 to December 2005 were reviewed. Identification and susceptibility testing of the strains were performed by the MicroScan WalkAway-40 automated method (DadeBerhing). RESULTS: Thirty-eight cases of extraintestinal infections were diagnosed: 18 abdominal infections, 11 skin and soft tissue infections, 3 urinary tract infections, and 3 episodes of bacteremia with no primary focus. The species most frequently found was A. hydrophila (16 cases). Infection occurred most often in patients with underlying diseases (76.3%), including malignancy (34.2%) and diabetes mellitus (21%). Polymicrobial infections were detected in 50% and the etiology was nosocomial in 21%. The mortality rate was 16.2%. Gentamicin, amikacin, cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin had the highest activity against the Aeromonas species isolated. CONCLUSIONS: Aeromonas spp. as the causative infectious agent should be kept in mind in patients with infections of the biliary system, surgical wounds in the abdomen and posttraumatic cellulitis. Extraintestinal infection is usually polymicrobial, appears most commonly in patients with underlying diseases, and generally has a good prognosis. The most active antibiotics in vitro were gentamicin, amikacin, cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin.

Cutaneous infection due to Bacillus pumilus: report of 3 cases.

Human infection due to Bacillus pumilus is exceptional. We report 3 cases of cutaneous infection caused by B. pumilus that occurred in 3 shepherds, 2 of whom were members of the same family. The lesions appeared to have a morphology similar to that of cutaneous anthrax lesions. Two patients were cured after treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanate, and the third patient was cured after prolonged treatment with ciprofloxacin. To our knowledge, primary cutaneous infection due to B. pumilus has not been reported. B. pumilus should be considered in patients who develop lesions suggestive of cutaneous anthrax.

Acute meningitis due to Brucella spp.

Brucella spp. should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute meningitis of children living in areas where brucellosis is endemic.